Gelato culture
A short history of a cold dessert, from court kitchens to neighbourhood shops.
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16th century, Florence
Court kitchens
Cold desserts made with ice, snow and fruit developed at the courts of Renaissance Italy. The first recipes for today's gelato are usually credited to the Florentine Bernardo Buontalenti.
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1686, Paris
Into the café
Café Procope, opened by the Sicilian Francesco Procopio dei Coltelli, became famous for its ices and brought the dessert from the court to the public. The bond between coffee and gelato dates from then.
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19th century, Europe
Street carts
Italian gelato makers spread across European cities with their hand carts. Sold in a paper cone or a small cup, gelato became a treat everyone could afford.
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20th century, Italy
Meeting espresso
As the espresso machine spread, gelato and coffee began to share the same counter in Italian bars. The affogato, a scoop of gelato ‘drowned’ in hot espresso, is the simplest expression of that closeness.
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Today
Gelato versus ice cream
Gelato is churned more slowly, so it holds less air, usually has less fat and is served a little warmer. The result is a denser texture and a more pronounced flavour.
Gelato or ice cream?
Close relatives, but not the same thing. Figures are approximate and vary by recipe.
| Gelato or ice cream? | Gelato | Ice cream |
|---|---|---|
| Air content | 20–35% | 50–100% |
| Fat content | 4–8% | 10–18% |
| Serving temperature | −11 / −14 °C | around −18 °C |
| Texture | Dense, silky | Light, fluffy |